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Un problème ouvert résolu en informatique : une réduction efficace de la taille de systèmes

Gérard Cécé du département DISC/FEMTO-ST a présenté lors de la
conférence LICS'17, les fondations d'une série d'algorithmes efficaces
du calcul de la plus grande relation de simulation d'un système.

La notion de simulation permet de comparer les comportements de systèmes
informatiques mais aussi de réduire la taille de ces systèmes afin d'en
faciliter l'analyse. On peut prendre en exemple le cas d'un système
évoluant au travers de  près de 150 000 configurations différentes et
qui a pu être réduit, grace à cette notion de simulation, à un système
évoluant dans moins de 1 000 configurations. Il est dès lors bien plus
facile d'analyser ce système réduit pour en valider le bon comportement
ou y détecter des erreurs.

La difficulté est que les algorithmes calculant la plus grande
simulation d'un système étaient soit économes en mémoire mais pas bien
rapides, soit rapides mais utilisant beaucoup de mémoire et donc
inapplicables sur de grands systèmes. Depuis 2007 se posait le problème
de l'existence d'un algorithme à la fois rapide et économe en mémoire.
L'article présenté à LICS répond positivement à cette question et
surtout met en évidences les fondations qui permettront de proposer de
nouveaux compromis, tant théorique que pratique, entre temps de calcul
et mémoire nécessaire à ce type d'algorithmes.

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