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Current Biology publie les observations par AFM des microtubules réalisées par C. Elie-Caille

Les microtubules sont des polymères protéiques appartenant au cytosquelette et peuvent être assimilés à des « rails » sur lesquels se déplacent les chromosomes avant la division cellulaire.

Les microtubules sont présents en équilibre dynamique : ils se polymérisent et se dépolymérisent en permanence. Cette dynamique repose sur l’hydrolyse du GTP garnissant les microtubules, qui fragilise la structure du microtubule en induisant une courbure de ses protofilaments constitutifs.

Comprendre le fonctionnement de ces macromolécules protéiques, dans leur ensemble (microtubules) ou au niveau de leurs entités constitutives (protofilaments) permettrait d’appréhender les phénomènes de division cellulaire dans le cas particulier des phénomènes de cancérisation.

C. Elie-Caille a ainsi montré dans Current Biology (Impact factor 11) que la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) permet d’imager des protofilaments individuels de tubuline dans leur environnement natif, à une résolution moléculaire. Ses travaux ont tout d’abord confirmé par cette approche l’effet de l’hydrolyse du GTP et d’une kinésine (MCAK) sur la conformation des protofilaments de tubuline. Elle a ensuite montré que le taxol, molécule anticancéreuse, stabilise les microtubules par « rigidification » des protofilaments, ralentissant leur transition conformationnelle « Droite à courbée ».

Ces résultats ont fait la couverture du journal.

C. Elie-Caille et al, Current Biology (2007), 17, 1765-1770, "Straight GDP-Tubulin Protofilaments Form in the Presence of Taxol".

Images AFM de protofilaments de tubuline

Images AFM de protofilaments de tubuline

Images AFM de protofilaments de tubuline

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